Russia sprawls across nearly one‑sixth of the Earth's land mass (about 17 million square kilometers). It embraces a varied topography and has every type of climate except tropical.

The Ural Mountains mark the traditional division between European and Asiatic Russia. To the west, Russian territory stretches over a broad plain, broken only by occasional low hills. To the east are the vast Siberian lowlands and the deserts of central Asia. Beyond are the barren Siberian highlands and the mountain ranges of the Russian Far East. Great pine forests cover half the country; south of these are the steppes (prairies), where the soil is rich and dark. A small subtropical zone lies south of the steppes, along the shores of the Black and Caspian Seas.

Climate is varied. Winters are long and cold and summers brief. In parts of the eastern Siberian tundra, temperatures of -68 °C (-90 °F) have been recorded.

The Russian Federation is a multiethnic state that comprises more than 100 ethnic groups. The majority of the population is Eastern Slavic, but it is made up of peoples belonging to less numerous ethnic groups, including Eskimos. Although most groups are distinguished by their own language and culture, Russian language and traditions are well established, with Russian the common language in government and education.

Religion, long suppressed under the Soviet regime, now flourishes, and examples of all major and many less widely practiced religions can be found. The Russian Orthodox Church has grown rapidly in stature since the dissolution of the Soviet Union, with many adherents returing to the Church and a strong ongoing campaign to reach out to Post-Soviet youth.

Once an underdeveloped, peasant society, Russia made considerable economic progress under Communist rule, mainly by the force of a centralized command economy and basic industrialization. Soviet communism, already stagnant by the 1980s and ill‑equipped to meet the demands of Mikhail Gorbachev's glasnost and perestroyka, collapsed by 1991, forcing Russia into a difficult transition toward a democratic state and market-based economy.

The Russian Federation continues to seek to redefine its relationships with its new independent neighbors, as well as its role in the world.

The Host Country

Area, Geography, and Climate Last Updated: 12/16/2004 2:11 AM

The Russian Federation is physically the largest country in the world, covering 17 million square kilometers or 1.8 times the size of the U.S. The territory of the Russian Federation covers 11 time zones and stretches 6,000 miles from east to west. It has a population of about 147.5 million compared with the 265 million in the U.S. Politically, the Russian Federation is a union of 89 constituent republics, regions, and territories that enjoy varying degrees of economic and political independence from the central government located in the capital, Moscow.

In the 19th century, most Russians lived in small, isolated villages, with little freedom to travel. Now, Russia is predominantly urban. Traditionally, Russia's population, with the exception of the upper class, has had few modern comforts and conveniences. Enclosed by long borders, with few natural defenses, Russians have a history of xenophobia. Given Russia's long history of authoritarian governments, until recently few Russians had much experience with pluralist democracy and market-based economy. New democratic institutions established after the fall of the Soviet Union continue to face challenges in forging political and social currency. A dynamic private sector has given rise to a growing middle class in and around the major metropolitan centers, with Moscow, to a lesser degree St. Petersburg, remaining the economic and social nexus of the country.

Moscow is the largest city in Russia and is located west of the great Russian plain on the banks of the Moscow River at 37°73' E and 55°45' N. The city is built on several low hills varying from 25 feet to 815 feet above sea level. Moscow's short summers are as warm as those in the northern U.S. Winters in Moscow are comparable to winters in Chicago. Snow begins in October and continues periodically through April, although snowfall in May is not unusual. Annual rainfall averages 21 inches, with the heaviest rains falling between May and October. Prevailing winds are southerly and southwesterly. Due to Moscow's northern location, daylight varies from 7 hours in December to 17‑1/2 hours in June. The average temperature in June and July is 66 °F, but the summer temperatures frequently reach the low 90s. In the winter the temperature may fall to minus 40 °F, but the average December and January temperature is 14 °F. Though Moscow's winter air usually is dry, the wind chill factor makes the temperature feel much colder.

St. Petersburg, Russia's second largest city and the former imperial capital, is located on a flat plain at the mouth of the Neva River on the Gulf of Finland at 55°57' N and 30°20' E. Established in 1703, the city is built on a series of 101 islands, and is laced by canals and various streams of the Neva. The climate in St. Petersburg is milder than in Moscow but is damp and misty. Average temperatures are 64 °F in July and 17 °F in January. St. Petersburg is famous for its “white nights”which occur in June when the sun shines for nearly 19 hours and sunset only brings semidarkness.

Yekaterinburg, Russia's third largest city with an estimated population of 1.5 million, is located near the center of Russia, at the crossroads between Europe and Asia. It is the Russian equivalent of Pittsburgh and second only to Moscow in terms of industrial production. Founded in 1723, Yekaterinburg today is the seat of the government for the Sverdlovsk region, which contains numerous heavy industries, mining concerns, and steel factories. In addition, Yekaterinburg is a major center for industrial research and development as well as home to numerous institutes of higher education, technical training, and scientific research.

Vladivostok, the largest city in the Russian Far East and home to the Russian Pacific fleet, is an important center for trade with the Pacific Rim countries. Closed to foreigners from 1958 to 1992, the city now is home to many foreign businesses and consulates. The climate in Vladivostok is milder than in many other Russian cities due to its location on the Pacific Ocean. Winter temperatures range between -68 °F and 25 °F.

Population Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

The majority of Russia's 148 million inhabitants is predominantly Slavic. The Federation consists of 89 subjects, including constituent republics, territories, and autonomous regions that enjoy varying degrees of economic and political independence from the central government. Moscow is Russia's largest city (population: 9 million) and is the capital of the Federation. St. Petersburg is Russia's second largest city (population 5 million). In the Russian Far East, the predominant city is Vladivostok, which is becoming an important commercial center in the Federation's trade with the Pacific Rim.

Public Institutions Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

Politically, economically, and socially, the Russian Federation continues to be in a state of transition. Although constitutional structures are well‑defined and democratic in concept, genuine democratization continues to be a slow, but generally positive transition. The 1993 Constitution provides for an elected President and a government headed by a Prime Minister. There is a bicameral legislature, the Federal Assembly, consisting of the State Duma and the Federation Council. The President and the members of the Federal Assembly have won office in competitive elections judged to be largely free and fair, with a broad range of political parties and movements contesting offices.

The most recent elections to Russia's lower half of the Federal Assembly, the State Duma, were held in December 1999. The last presidential election took place in March 2000. Membership in the upper house of the Federal Assembly, the Federation Council, was made elective in 1996. Each of the Federation's 89 constituent republics, regions, and territories is represented by two members, the head of the local executive branch and the chair of the local legislature. The State Duma comprises 450 seats, of which half are from single-mandate districts and half are from party lists. Both chambers participate in shaping policy and enacting legislation, though the State Duma bears the brunt of the legislative workload.

Although it is beginning to show signs of independence, Russia's judiciary remains relatively weak and ineffective compared with the legislative and executive branches of the government. Judges are now only starting to assert their constitutionally mandated powers. The country's highest court, the Constitutional Court, reconvened in March 1995, after the new 1993 Constitution entered into force. The Constitution empowers the court to arbitrate disputes between the other two branches and between the central and regional governments. It also is authorized to rule on violations of constitutional rights, to examine appeals from various bodies, and to participate in impeachment proceedings against the President. The Constitutional Court, however, may not examine cases on its own initiative and is limited in the scope of issues it can hear.

A vigorous and critical media demonstrates that freedom of the press continues to exist in Russia. However, financial constraints make it nearly impossible for the print and broadcast media to survive without the support of business or political sponsors, who, as a result, have the power to influence public opinion. Such sponsors generally represent a sufficiently broad cross section of the Russian political spectrum to provide a variety of points of view on political developments in Russia. Russian television and radio are similarly affected, but provide a narrower spectrum of political viewpoints than the print media.

Arts, Science, and Education Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

Russian research, in some physical and mathematics sciences and in some branches of medicine, is of a high order. In history, sociology, psychology, political science, and, even in certain biological sciences, Marxist and Leninist preconceptions seriously retarded the development of objective scholarship. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union, Russian scientists have been allowed more academic freedom, but this freedom has resulted in a serious depletion of the country's human resources, as many Russian scientists have emigrated to other countries, creating “brain drain.”

Commerce and Industry Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

Russia remains in the process of developing the legal basis of a modern market economy. Since for several generations the economy was ruled by a command system that prohibited private enterprise, this task is formidable, and was exacerbated by the August 1998 financial crisis and threefold ruble depreciation. Business operating costs are relatively high, as are interest rates for business loans; and tax and accounting regulations remain murky. Interpretations of laws and regulations often vary. Reflecting this environment, foreign investment has entered Russia at a cautious pace, albeit one that seems to be accelerating again as of mid-2000, since the advent of the Putin administration has been perceived as promising greater political and economic stability. Various sources estimate cumulative foreign direct investment in Russia through 1999 at between $12‑$13 billion, most of which has gone into oil extraction and food and consumer goods manufacturing. Russia's government coffers have received a boost from taxes on higher oil export revenues in 1999‑2000, although it remains to be seen whether this windfall can be used to leverage the broader economy and promote the restructuring that Russian enterprises must undergo if they are to become more competitive.

In downtown Moscow itself, the economic and commercial transition are more advanced than in the country at large. Western consumer goods are generally available in Moscow, although retail and wholesale outlets are fewer and farther between than in Western countries. The service sector (in everything from internet service and residential cable TV to dentistry, hotels and restaurants to department stores and fast‑food delivery) is developing rapidly, fueled by the inflow of Western companies over the past decade (most of whom have retained a presence here despite belt-tightening during the economic downturn in 1998‑99).

Transportation

Automobiles Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

Driving in Russia requires constant attention, as Russian traffic regulations and procedures differ from those in the U.S. Speed limits are seldom observed; there is little, if any, lane discipline; and defensive driving is mandatory. Many pedestrians, oblivious to oncoming traffic, cross the street at random, which presents a real hazard. Streets are dimly lit at night and pedestrians wear dark clothing that makes them difficult to see. Although trucks are not allowed inside the Garden Ring without a special pass, numerous trucks and outsized, overloaded vehicles transit the rest of the city.

Embassy employees can obtain a Russian drivers license for a small fee without taking a test. Only a valid U.S. drivers license is necessary.

Accredited diplomats may import duty‑free one personally owned vehicle into Russia. Vehicles may not be imported with the intent of resale or transfer. Embassy personnel, regardless of rank, may import any make of American or foreign vehicle. The Embassy discourages importing more than one vehicle per 2‑year tour and advises against importing older models. Parts may be hard to find, and the cold temperatures and poorly maintained roads take a heavy toll on cars.

Some Embassy employees purchase Russian‑made vehicles locally. In mid‑1999, a new Niva or Lada cost about $3,500, while a Volga was more and a Zhiguli less. Transaction time to purchase and register a Russian vehicle is usually 7‑10 working days.

All imported vehicles should be new or in first‑class mechanical condition to pass the strict Russian inspection requirements for vehicle registration:

Each automobile must have at least two headlights, each with high and low beams. Supplementary lights are permitted, including side lights and fog lights. Front parking lights must be white; rear lights must be red, not yellow or tinted. Front and rear turn signals are required. Front turn signal must be white or orange; rear must be red or orange. Each vehicle must be equipped with a first-aid kit, fire extinguisher, and emergency warning reflector triangle. Bring these items in your household effects (HHE) shipment. Vehicles should have a low‑compression engine.

Russian gasoline comes in 82, 92, 95, and 98 octane. Unleaded gasoline is widely available, and diesel fuel, although available, is usually of poor quality. There is no need to remove the catalytic converter unless extensive travel is planned for outside the city, where unleaded fuel is not as widely available.

Front-wheel- and four‑wheel‑drive vehicles offer the best handling in the Russian winter. The main streets in Moscow are regularly plowed; however, some side streets and housing complex parking lots may remain covered with snow and ice throughout the winter. The Embassy recommends that employees install a rear‑window defroster.

Personnel planning to ship a car to Moscow should include as original options on a new vehicle items such as side-view mirrors (bring extra), steel‑belted tires, undercoating, a heavy‑duty battery, and shock absorbers. Many employees “Moscowize" their vehicle before coming to post by having a dealer apply extra undercoating for protection. Remove all exterior emblems that attract vandalism. The radiator should be protected to withstand temperatures to ‑45 °F.

You may wish to include the following items in your HHE:

1 special cold‑weather thermostat 1 set of contact points 1 condenser 1 quart matching paint 1 set of rubber floormats, front and rear 1 set of patches for tubeless tires 1 extra set of keys

Ship these and all loose articles separately, as well as hubcaps, cigarette lighters, radios, and glove compartment contents, to minimize the risk of pilferage during transport. Bring an extra set of keys and send a set with the car. For vehicles using diesel fuel and shipped to Russia by sea, attach a note stating “diesel only” to the ignition key.

The following items are usually available locally at prices comparable to the U.S.: motor oil, door‑lock antifreeze, inner tubes, snow tires, valve caps, antifreeze and windshield solvent, gas treatment, five‑gallon jerry cans, fan belts, oil filters, windshield ice scrapers, snow removal brushes, aerial antennas, locking gas tank caps, jumper cables, distributor caps, tire pumps.

Secure outdoor parking is available at the Embassy for residents and all off‑compound housing locations. Residents of the Rosinka and Hines complexes have covered garages. The Embassy pays fees for the parking spaces in the secure parking lots.

Both Embassy policy and the Russian Government require that cars be covered by third‑party liability insurance. Personnel driving to post must arrange, in advance, for third‑party liability insurance and, if desired, comprehensive‑collision coverage, by writing directly to the appropriate company. The Motorpool Vehicle Registration Office can assist employees with the local purchase of liability insurance. Although the Embassy cannot endorse or recommend any particular company, most employees use one of the following:

Ingosstrakh, an official Russian insurance company that offers third‑party liability and comprehensive’collision coverage. Most Embassy employees use this company. Policies may be arranged within 2 days. Coverage is immediately invalidated if a driver is charged with drunk driving. The policy may require that covered vehicle damage be repaired in a Russian garage. Ingosstrakh rates are based on engine size, as measured by engine displacement. Insurance for six‑and eight‑cylinder cars costs more through Ingosstrakh than through a U.S. company. Ingosstrakh third‑party liability insurance has two categories with different amounts of coverage. Most Embassy personnel choose a combination of Ingosstrakh third‑party liability and another company's comprehensive‑collision coverage. The average cost in 2000 for Ingosstrakh third‑party liability insurance was $250 for an American car.

United Services Officers Insurance Brokers, Ltd., 44 High Street, Winchester, Hants, England, offers policies, including third-party liability and comprehensive and collision coverage.

Clements and Company, 1625 Eye Street, NW, Washington, D.C., has a policy that provides coverage for transportation of v ehicles from anywhere in the world to Russia. Coverage includes comprehensive collision and protection against marine, fire, and theft loss. However, it does not cover third‑party liability. Clements' rate structure is based on the U.S. Bluebook value of the car, and costs may be somewhat lower than those of Ingosstrakh.

Transportation

Local Transportation Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

The Moscow street plan is a wheel with the Kremlin and Red Square at the hub. Around the hub are three concentric circles—the Boulevard ring, the Garden ring, and the outer ring highway (MKAD). A fourth ring is under construction and should be completed by 2003. The extensive public transportation system consists of buses, streetcars, trolley buses, and the metro. This system covers the entire city, but riders should be prepared to contend with pushing and shoving. The prices for riding the public transport are constantly changing but remain inexpensive. The metro runs from about 0600 until 0100. Stations are clean and safe, and many are internationally famous for the beauty of their interior design.

Taxis can be ordered from private companies. Private cars can be hailed on the street; however, the Regional Security Office advises against this practice. Drivers are sometimes reluctant to stop late in the evening or in bad weather, and the price must be negotiated in advance. Always ride in the back seat and never engage a vehicle that already has another passenger.

Transportation

Regional Transportation Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

Rail and air transport networks are extensive, and service is adequate on both systems. First‑class train fares are inexpensive. The overnight train to St. Petersburg is comfortable, but there is the danger of crime. The country's size makes flying to some of the more remote cities more convenient than train travel. Air traffic is sometimes unreliable due to delays caused by bad weather.

Communications

Telephones and Telecommunications Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

Telephone service from Moscow to the U.S. and to most European cities is not up to Western standards, but is improving. Direct‑dial, international calls are possible from the Embassy switchboard and from some off-compound Embassy housing. Recently, U.S.‑based telephone companies such as AT&T and Sprint have established direct‑dial facilities in Moscow. International calls can be placed by using telephone credit cards made available by these companies. Bring a personal AT&T, Sprint, or MCI calling card for personal long‑distance calls.

Personal fax service is available through the Embassy Unclassified Reproduction Room. Employees who use these services will be billed by the Embassy's Financial Management Office. Employees' families may telephone residences or offices directly, as many Embassy numbers are accessible by direct dialing and not routed through the Embassy switchboard.

Communications

Mail and Pouch Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

Personal mail may be sent to and from the Embassy via APO or international mail through Helsinki. The Embassy usually receives APO mail faster than mail sent through Helsinki. The APO address should also be used for subscriptions to American magazines and newspapers. Packages sent and received via APO may not exceed 70 pounds and 100 inches in length and girth combined. Mail is sent and received according to U.S. postal regulations.

Prohibited items include firearms, flammable items, such as paint and varnish, tobacco, coffee, currency, alcohol, matches, or any other items that would not be accepted by the U.S. Postal Service for parcel post. Use the following APO address:

Name PSC 77 (office symbol) APO AE 09721

Embassy personnel may receive letter mail and packages from Europe at the applicable international rates. These should be addressed as follows:

Name American Embassy (office symbol) Box M 00140 Helsinki 14, Finland

Communications

Radio and TV Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

All media are in transition in Russia. There are now many joint venture radio stations, with English-speaking announcers who play America's top 40. For example, Radio Maximum, FM 103.7, is English speaking each morning from 6 am until 10 am. The station airs news, weather, business reports, and contemporary rock music. Open Radio on both AM 918 kHz and FM 102.3 MHz rebroadcasts Voice of America (VOA) and BBC programs, plus business and local news programs of their own. Reception of these radio stations is excellent, even on the cheaper “jam boxes.” In addition, there is a wide range of excellent Russian radio stations on both AM and FM bands; however, the Russian FM spectrum does not conform to the U.S. FM bands. To receive all Russian FM radio stations, purchase a Russian radio.

Outside of Moscow and St. Petersburg, a good short-wave radio is needed to receive the VOA and BBC broadcasts. Frequency schedules are available. The Embassy provides cable TV connections for on-compound housing as well as for Armed Forces Network (AFRTS) stations that are broadcasted in the American (NTSC) format. For a monthly fee, decoders can be leased from the American Embassy Community Association (AECA) for local cable access. Programming includes International CNN, BBC, Super Channel, Eurosport, and Worldnet. The Worldnet channel carries the MacNeil/Lehrer Newshour and other public TV programs.

The Russian system is SECAM. American NTSC TV's will usually receive a black‑and‑white video signal but will not receive audio. Bring or buy a multisystem set that will enable the viewing of Russian programs and cable channels. A multisystem VCR is also helpful, as this enables one to watch Russian and U.S. videotapes.

Communications

Newspapers, Magazines, and Technical Journals Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

An increasing number of Western newspapers is available in Moscow. The International Herald Tribune, USA Today, Wall Street Journal, Time, Newsweek, and the Economist are available at tourist hotels. Western newspapers arrive in Moscow the day after publication. The American Embassy Community Association (AECA) sells the International Herald Tribune, USA Today, Newsweek, Reader's Digest, and other publications. Although delivery through APO can take 2 to 3 weeks, it is the best method to ensure subscription delivery of U.S. publications.

In Moscow, there are several English‑language newspapers for the foreign community. Most are free and include lists of upcoming cultural events, restaurant reviews, TV schedules, and general news of the city and community. All of these papers contain news of the foreign community and coverage and analysis of Russian news and events.

Many publications are available for those who read Russian. In addition to the 2,000 newspapers and magazines that are published in Russian, there is a growing number of Western publications now available in Russian.

Health and Medicine

Medical Facilities Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

The Embassy maintains a Medical Unit that provides primary care to the official community. It is staffed by two State Department medical officers, a Foreign Service health practitioner, a medical technologist, two registered nurses, an office manager, and an administrative assistant. The Medical Unit is equipped and staffed as well as any family practitioner's office in the U.S. and services all routine health care needs.

Moscow has three dental clinics with American‑trained dentists and laboratory technicians. The Adventist Dental Clinic also has a Western‑trained orthodontist on staff.

When hospitalization is needed, Michurinskiy Kremlin Clinic is utilized for diagnostic and in‑patient care. The facility offers the highest level of Russian medical care available and has a 24‑hour ambulance service. In addition, the American Medical Center has opened a full‑service clinic on a membership basis. Embassy personnel are considered members of the Center. The international medical center is also an option for all‑comers.

For cases requiring advanced diagnostic procedures, surgery, or complicated treatment not available at the Michurinskiy Kremlin Clinic, patients are evacuated to London, Frankfurt, Helsinki, or the U.S. In the event of a medical or surgical emergency, local Russian hospitals are used at the discretion of the RMO.

Health and Medicine

Community Health Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

Although the standard of public cleanliness in Russia does not equal that of the U.S. and Western Europe, garbage collection is relatively dependable, and sewage is treated adequately. Public restrooms are usually unsanitary. Streets and public buildings are not clean, but conditions do not pose health hazards.

Moscow's water may not be adequately treated, and drinking water should be boiled or filtered as a precaution. Potability of tap water is assured in all Embassy housing by either in‑line filters or distillers. Intestinal pathogens have not been a serious problem for the Embassy community.

The Moscow area, as is the case in many parts of Russia, has the potential for environmental hazards. No serious detrimental health effects have been demonstrated from microwaves, NPPD, or nuclear fallout. The State Department's Office of Medical Services takes serious views of these environmental factors and will continue to monitor substances and evaluate and inform personnel on this subject.

Health and Medicine

Preventive Measures Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

During the winter, the air in Moscow, especially in Embassy offices and apartments, becomes very dry. This sometimes causes dry skin and aggravates respiratory problems. Dry mucous membranes of the respiratory system are vulnerable to infection and irritation. Respiratory infections are common during winter. The General Services Office (GSO) provides some humidifiers for Embassy personnel, but families with small children should bring a cold mist vaporizer.

Reliable food sources are plentiful in Moscow. These local markets and the import stores offer a wide variety of foods, including fresh, dried, and canned products. There is also a well‑stocked commissary at the Embassy.

Personal Health Measures. All personnel assigned to Russia should have a complete medical evaluation before coming to post. All health problems should be cared for before arrival. This includes optical exams, glasses or lenses, and medical and dental requirements. All immunizations should be current, including diphtheria, hepatitis A, and hepatitis B.

The Medical Unit attempts to maintain an inventory of drugs in order to respond to as wide a range of problems as possible. Although medications will be available for acute illnesses, they cannot be provided for chronic medical problems. Individuals on regular medication, including birth control pills, should bring a 6‑to 12‑month supply. There are many reliable pharmacies in Moscow, and many medicines that require a prescription in the U.S. can be obtained over the counter in Moscow. Many Western medications are available in these pharmacies, but not all, and sometimes there are shortages of previously available medications. The best advice is still to bring several months' supply of any medication that is taken regularly or needed for urgent situations.

Several optical services have opened in Moscow, but bring an extra pair of glasses, plus the prescription. Those who wear contact lenses sometimes experience discomfort because of the dry, dusty Moscow air.

Expectant Mothers. Prenatal care is offered until the 34th week. Most women choose to have their babies in the U.S., and that is what's officially recommended. However, other options include Germany, England, Ireland, Finland, and some have chosen to remain in Moscow. Women have the freedom to choose where they want to deliver, but the State Department will only pay what it would cost to go to the U.S.

Employment for Spouses and Dependents Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

In 1992, Embassy Moscow renewed employing Russian nationals. However, because many positions require a security clearance the overall number of part‑time, intermittent, temporary (PIT) and Personal Service Contract (PSC) jobs remains high. Eligible Family Members (EFMs) with equal or higher position qualifications are given hiring priority over other applicants.

Vacancy Announcements are prepared by Personnel and are listed in the community newsletter This Week in Moscow and posted on the employment board. Department of State positions include: secretary, administrative assistant, personnel assistant, APO clerk, GSO assistant, mail clerk, pouch assistant, commercial assistant, technical assistant, financial management specialist, consular assistant, visa assistant, security engineering assistant, procurement assistant, economics research assistant, CLO assistant and CLO coordinator, nurse, and systems operator. EFMs may also apply for positions with other agencies. DAO, FAS, FCS, USAID, U.S. Customs and the Treasury Department all offer positions to EFMs.

In addition, some spouses have found work with the AECA, the Anglo-American School, or the Moscow Embassy Child‑care Association. When funds are available, high school and college students may work at the Embassy during summer and Christmas vacations.

Because of the changing situation in Moscow, dependents are working outside the Embassy as well. New opportunities include working with airlines, joint ventures, international banks, science foundations, or teaching locally. Approval to work on the economy must be obtained from the personnel officer, regional security officer, and the DCM.

Family members interested in working at the Embassy should send a letter expressing their interest to the personnel officer with an SF-171, Application for Employment. AECA, AAS, and MECA may also be contacted directly:

Personnel Office c/o American Embassy Moscow PSC 77 APO AE 09721

St. Petersburg. The Consulate General has several State PIT positions and PSC positions. PIT and PSC positions are distributed throughout various sections, including the Administrative and General Services Sections. Some positions require Russian-language capability. The Consulate General encourages full‑time employment for dependent spouses. Part‑time schedules have been arranged with individual supervisors. Dependents interested in employment at the Consulate General are encouraged to contact the administrative officer and submit a complete package of employment forms to EUR/EX/PMO before coming to post. Spouses with prior government service should bring a copy of their latest SF‑50 (Notification of Personnel Action).

Vladivostok. Post has consular associate, general services officer, and facilities maintenance positions which have been filled by Eligible Family Members in the past. There may be other opportunities available, depending on spouse and dependent's skills and interests. Contact the post administrative officer for current listings.

Yekaterinburg. Employment opportunities for spouses and dependents are limited. The Consulate General has one PIT position as a consular/administrative assistant. No spouse or dependent at post has worked on the local market.

American Embassy - Moscow

Post City Last Updated: 8/2/2005 2:20 AM

Moscow’s official population is approximately 9 million. It is the center of government and plays an important role in the country’s political, economical, cultural, scientific, and military activity. Moscow is first mentioned in history in 1147 A.D. as Prince Yuriy Dolgorukiy’s hunting camp. Due to its strategic position on a north‑south trade route from Rostov to Ryazan, Moscow was the center of trade and government in what eventually became the Russian Empire.

As the Russian Empire expanded, so grew Moscow’s influence and importance, until the early 18th century when Peter the Great moved the nation’s capital to St. Petersburg. As Russia's second city, Moscow retained its primacy only in trade, until the leaders of Soviet Russia transferred the capital back to Moscow early in 1918. Subsequently, Moscow more than quadrupled in population and territory (878 square kilometers). In the past 20 years, the city’s difficulties in housing and in supplying its large and growing population have led to calls for limits on growth and crackdowns on the huge “unregistered” population; despite this, Moscow and its suburbs have experienced a real-estate boom in recent years and the landscape is littered with newly developed and under construction developments.

After a decade‑long lapse, the U.S. entered into diplomatic relations with the U.S.S.R. in 1933. In 1991, the U.S.S.R. was formally dissolved. The Russian Federation emerged as the largest of the new independent states of the former Soviet Union. Russia has diplomatic relations with most of the world’s countries, and more than 100 of these maintain missions in Moscow. News correspondents, business representatives, and students from throughout the world live in the Russian capital. There is a heavy, year‑round flow of foreign tourists and official delegations. Moscow's resident American community numbers about 5,000 (including dependents), consisting of Embassy personnel, business representatives, correspondents, clergy, exchange students, and professors.

American tourists number about 100‑200,000 annually. Moscow contains many attractions of interest for visitors. Those open to the public include the famous Kremlin; monasteries and churches in and around Moscow, as well as museums, parks, permanent exhibition centers, and a variety of musical, dramatic, and dance attractions. Many small towns of interest lie within a day's drive of Moscow, including the old monastery town of Sergiyev Posad (formerly Zagorsk), Yasnaya Polyana, Tolstoy's home, and the Borodino battlefield, site of the greatest battle of Napoleon’s 1812 invasion of Russia.

Moscow offers a rich cultural environment, and warrants the enormous local pride in its treasures and traditions. Myriad museums are devoted to the various arts, literature, music, politics, history, and sciences. Hundreds of small churches and large cathedrals throughout the city are open to visitors. In addition to the famous Bolshoi Theater, with its large repertoire of Russian and internationally famous opera and ballet, other theaters and concert halls feature popular and classical plays, concerts, recitals, and all of the performing arts. Children’s theater, a puppet theater, a planetarium, and other performances geared especially to younger people are also available. The Russian circuses with their rich history are overwhelmingly popular with children and adults alike.

On the negative side, life in Moscow can be difficult and stressful. Air pollution, severe winter conditions, language barriers, chaotic rush hour traffic, and long hours at work take their toll on even the most well-adjusted residents. Street crime is still a problem and African and Asian Americans have been victims of racially motivated attacks.

Moscow is 3 hours ahead of Greenwich Mean Time, and 8 hours ahead of Eastern Standard Time. Information about the U.S. Diplomatic Mission to Russia can also be found on the Internet at: http://usembassy.state.gov/moscow/.

Housing Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

The Embassy's interagency housing pool, with the exception of the Ambassador's residence, consists of apartments and townhouses. All quarters are completely furnished, including major kitchen appliances.

Housing

Temporary Quarters Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

No designated transient housing is currently available. Every effort is made to put newly arriving personnel directly into their permanent quarters. If this is not possible, new employees are housed in vacant units of the housing pool or in hotel apartments until their permanent quarters are available. In such an event, the Embassy will notify the employee. He/she may choose to come to post separately from his/her family and have them join him/her when permanent housing is ready.

Housing

Permanent Housing Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

Permanent housing in Moscow consists of 130 units located on the NEC, 100 apartments in the city, 44 townhouses in the suburban community of Rosinka, and 40 townhouses in the suburban complex of Pokrovsky Hills, also known as Hines.

Housing assignments are proposed through the Housing Office to the Interagency Housing Board (IAHB) which makes the final decision. Moscow housing units tend to be small and rarely exceed the 6 FAM 700 maximum space standards. Housing assignments are not made more than 2 months prior to the employee’s arrival.

Post housing policy allows the IAHB to consider special family requirements, such as a handicapped family member or allergies when making assignments. The following factors are not formally considered when making assignments: long work hours, shift work, pets, domestic staff, representational responsibilities, and eligible family members not residing full time at post. The Overseas Briefing Center at the Foreign Service Institute has photographs and descriptions of the different housing options available.

All Embassy apartments lack storage space. Keep this in mind when planning your HHE shipments. Except for the townhouses at Rosinka and Pokrovsky Hills and 11 dedicated townhouses on the NEC, there are no basement or garage storage spaces. In city apartments, bicycles must be kept in the apartment and not left in the hallways of buildings. Dog owners should be aware of the requirement to keep their dogs on leashes when outdoors in every housing location.

New Embassy Compound Apartments. The NEC contains 130 apartments, divided as follows:

DCM's 5‑bedroom townhouse 10 five‑bedroom representational townhouses 22 four‑bedroom apartments 26 three-bedroom apartments 45 two‑bedroom apartments 26 one‑bedroom apartments

The apartments, designed by American architects to American standards, are small. The kitchens and bathrooms are designed and fitted to American expectations, and the living rooms, dining rooms, and bedrooms are the sizes that would be expected in an American apartment. The three‑and four‑bedroom apartments are townhouse style, with the bedrooms on a different floor than the living room.

The 10 representational townhouses consist of a large reception room and dining room, plus a full pantry kitchen and a guest toilet on the entry floor; four bedrooms and three full baths on the upper floor; on the floor below, a bedroom, two maids’rooms, a full kitchen connected to the pantry kitchen on the floor above by a dumbwaiter, and two full baths; and, below that, a basement with storage. The DCM's home has a large reception room and dining room, a pantry kitchen and two guest toilets on the entry floor; five bedrooms, three full baths, and a walk‑in dressing closet on the upper floor; on the lower floor, a private living room, a library, a guest bedroom, a full kitchen connected to the pantry kitchen on the floor above by a dumbwaiter, and two‑and‑one‑half bathrooms; below that level is a basement with storage.

A substantial recreational facility is located on the below‑ground concourse level of the NEC, including a pool, basketball gymnasium, handball court, squash court, sauna, weight room, exercise area and lounge. The cafeteria, commissary, video club, barber/beauty salon, bank and travel agency are also located on the NEC concourse. The Medical Unit and the daycare facility, currently located in NEC apartments, are scheduled to move to the NEC concourse by April 2002.

City Apartments. The city apartments are located in various areas of Moscow. Although individual tastes vary, some areas, for reasons of attractiveness, maintenance, and/or distance from the Embassy, are more appealing than others. Most of the apartments are large and close to shopping, restaurants, and frequent, inexpensive public transportation. Some of the units were created by combining two or three smaller apartments and therefore have unusual, but functional, layouts. All the buildings are secure and have designated parking areas. GSO performs all routine maintenance and renovates the units between occupants.

Suburban Townhouses. In the early 1990s, the Embassy acquired 20 two-bedroom, 20 three-bedroom, and 4 four-bedroom Western-style townhouses from an American-Russian joint venture, Rosinka. The complex is located about 45‑60 minutes' drive from the Embassy and is situated in a large, wooded area overlooking a lake. The units include Western kitchen appliances, central heating, air‑conditioning and a fireplace. Each unit has a two-car garage. Rosinka has a state‑of‑the‑art fitness center, with a swimming pool, sauna, whirlpool, tennis courts, basketball gym, and other facilities. Rosinka also has a beauty/barber shop, daycare‑preschool, video store, and cafe. Rosinka Management provides limited free daily bus services to and from the Embassy. Bus service is provided to the Anglo‑American School for children housed in Rosinka.

The Embassy recently leased 40 modern, Western‑style townhouses in the new suburban development of Pokrovsky Hills (Hines). All the units are tri‑level and have three bedrooms and a private garage and driveway. The development is in the city, but surrounded by forests and parks. Commuting time by car to and from the Embassy varies from 30 to 40 minutes, depending on traffic. Pokrovsky Hills Management provides daily shuttle service to a nearby metro station, from which it is possible to commute easily anywhere within the city, including the Embassy.

Pokrovsky Hills is also the site of the new Anglo‑American School. The school includes preschool, kindergarten, primary, middle and upper school, and has a total capacity of 1,200 students. Pokrovsky Hills Management also runs a small daycare/preschool and a small convenience store in the development and performs maintenance on all units.

Housing

Furnishings Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

All apartments, except for the Ambassador’s residence and DCM’s home, are furnished as follows:

Living Room. Couch or sofa, one or two easy chairs, loveseat (if space allows), end and coffee tables, lamps, draperies, and bookcase/wall unit.

Dining Room. Dining table and chairs, sideboard or china cabinet, and draperies. China and glassware are provided only for the Ambassador and DCM.

Bedroom. Twin- or queen-sized beds, chest of drawers, double dresser (if space allows), wardrobes or built‑in closets, lamps, and draperies. Many of the larger apartments at the NEC are equipped with bunk beds in one or more of the children’s bedrooms. An additional, limited supply of bunk beds is available for apartments outside the NEC. If you need beds longer than the standard 6‑foot length, bring them.

Kitchen. Gas or electric range, microwave oven, sink, refrigerator, freezer, washer, dryer, and cabinets. All NEC and most off‑compound apartments have dishwashers. Only NEC apartments are equipped with garbage disposals. (Note: Some apartments, both at the NEC and around the city, have a separate utility room where the washer and dryer, and sometimes the freezer, depending on space availability, are located.)

As is the case at all posts where housing is government furnished, bring personal items to add an attractive and individual touch. The following list of equipment, supplies, appliances, and furniture shows some items you should consider shipping. Almost all items are available locally, although prices may be higher than in the U.S. A limited number of the items marked with an asterisk (*) should be included in your airfreight or accompanied baggage:

Household *steam iron and ironing board (extra pads and covers) *bed and table linens *blankets, bedspreads *pillows *bathmats *shower curtains and curtain hangers *ashtrays and candles *strong canvas bag (large) or basket for shopping *flashlights *wind-up or battery-powered alarm clocks *children's lunchboxes with unbreakable Thermos bottles *wooden and wire clothes hangers hamper throw rugs lamps, especially halogen floor lamps clothesbags wastebaskets pictures and other wall decorations picture hooks, wire, and anchors for masonry walls vases mothproof bags and mothballs extension cords small set of household tools padlocks vaporizer and/or humidifier pet supplies plant spray and food Christmas tree lights, decorations, and ornaments portable ice chest wide-mouthed Thermos bottle small grill portable sewing machine with supply of fabric and notions portable home computer with a word-processing program assorted gifts, cards, and gift wrappers “space savers”such as shoe boxes and tie racks artificial flowers TV tables or trays for buffet entertaining card tables and folding chairs heavy-duty doormats

Kitchen *china and glassware (for everyday use and entertaining) *cooking utensils *cutlery, including good bread knives *flat silver *salt and pepper shakers *mixing bowls *plastic glasses for children *mixing bowls *measuring cup and spoons *can opener *food storage containers for refrigerator and plastic freezer bags *plastic garbage bags (garbage must be disposed in tied garbage bags) *corkscrew colander and sink strainer toaster casseroles shelf paper electric mixer waffle iron popcorn popper coffee grinder blender or food processor dish drainer and rack trash/garbage containers

Cleaning brushes (utility, cleaning, clothes, etc.) brooms mops dustcloths dustpans flat sink stoppers (needed also for travel in Russia)

Infants *disposable diapers (cases are too large to meet APO requirements, so ship adequate supplies and sizes) *baby food, including cereals and juices, bottles, nipples, and sterilizing equipment *strollers *large supply of toys crib playpen

School-aged Children * indoor games and puzzles * books and comic books * large supply of toys ice skates sleds large supply of birthday gifts with gift wrappers craft or hobby kits art supplies, felt-tip markers washable paste, crayons, construction paper, etc.

Converter Plugs. A limited number of converter plugs, available at low cost locally, are provided by GSO. The NEC electrical outlets are all NEMA standard (American) 220v, 15 ampere, which take a NEMA 6-15, 2-pole/3-wire grounding, nonlocking plug. This plug has two prongs, one of which is perpendicular to the other, instead of being parallel. Apartments outside the NEC have two round pins, similar to European plugs, but thinner. Outlet types vary from apartment to apartment and sometimes even within the same apartment. All electrical current citywide is 220v/50 Hz, although frequency stability is poor by U.S. standards.

Housing

Utilities and Equipment Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

All apartments have hot and cold running water. During the summer, hot water is cut off in city apartments for a three-to four-week period for city water pipe cleaning. These apartments have small water heaters installed for the annual hot-water outages. Heating is more than adequate, but the Embassy provides space heaters and insulation materials to seal windows during winter. Heat is centrally controlled and is turned on later in the fall than in Western Europe and turned off earlier in the spring. As winters are exceptionally dry, the Embassy provides one humidifier per household. If additional humidifiers are needed, these should be brought to post. All homes have at least one telephone. Occupants of Embassy housing are required to maintain local telephone service at personal expense. In fall 2000 the cost of this service was $25 per month.

Transformers are provided for Embassy‑owned appliances, and two additional transformers per apartment may also be checked out for personal appliances. Electric clocks and other electrical items with motors designed for 60 cycles may not work correctly; 220v 50hz items can be purchased locally, if needed. Since many apartments do not have a sufficient number of electric outlets, either bring a number of 9‑to 12‑foot extension cords or be prepared to purchase locally. Extra 220v bulbs for lighting may be purchased locally.

Food Last Updated: 8/2/2005 1:52 AM

For the Western consumer, the availability of food and household products is improving and approaching European standards. Since most food and household products used by a typical American family can now be purchased locally, the Department of State no longer authorizes a consumables shipment for employees assigned to Moscow. This change in policy does not apply to constituent posts in St. Petersburg, Yekaterinburg, or Vladivostok. U.S. Government employees of AID, DOD, and other agencies are still authorized consumables. Please check with your parent agency for current regulations and shipping weight authorizations. The Community Liaison Office (CLO) at Embassy Moscow will have suggestions for a consumables shipment.

When American brands are not available locally, a European equivalent can usually be purchased. Vendors other than Russian stores and markets include Western outlets such as Stockmann, diplomatic supply houses, the American Embassy Community Association (AECA) commissary, and a plethora of modern grocery and superstores (Ikea, Ashan, etc.). Through AECA it is also possible to make personal frozen food orders. Groceries may also be ordered through the mail via online internet services. Prices for these types of services are in most instances higher than in the U.S., especially where shipping costs are involved.

The AECA commissary or “Liberty Store” is comparable in size to a stateside 7–11. Located in the basement concourse of the New Embassy Compound (NEC), it offers a variety of grocery supplies to full members of AECA. The stock includes items such as soft drinks, juice, milk and other dairy products, eggs, bread, assorted frozen meat, dry cereal, snack food, bottled water, a limited selection of wine, U.S. and European beer, liquor, cigarettes, canned goods, paper products, health care products, pet food, a limited supply of disposable diapers, and laundry and cleaning products. One cannot depend on a constant stock of baby items in the AECA commissary, since it does not stock baby food or baby formula at all.

The commissary accepts U.S. dollars (cash) and personal checks. AECA must charge a significant mark-up to cover shipping from suppliers in the U.S. and Western Europe. The commissary's location and hours make it convenient, but most employees explore the other shopping opportunities in Moscow for variety and price comparison.

Some employees do a lot of shopping at local “rynoks.” These are open-air farmers' markets located in different parts of the city, typically near metro stations. Rynoks carry a large selection of fresh bread and seasonal as well as imported fresh produce. Meat is also available for purchase, but buying fresh, unrefrigerated meat is risky. Rynoks often have stalls that stock non‑food items, such as cleaning products, soft drinks and liquor, health care products, pet food and paper goods at prices that are cheaper than in the AECA commissary and other stores. In many instances the quality of the products tends to be lower. Larger rynoks also sell flowers, plants, clothing items, and leather goods. Be aware, however, that shopping in rynoks can pose challenges, including the need to maneuver through crowded spaces and language problems for non‑Russian speakers. Bargaining is an accepted and common practice at rynoks but not at conventional stores and supermarkets, where prices are marked.

Clothing Last Updated: 8/2/2005 1:53 AM

Temperatures during the year can range from ‑40° to +95 °F. Moscow winters can be very cold, especially if one is used to winter temperatures above freezing. It is necessary to be prepared for the harsh winter climate with plenty of warm clothing and outerwear. Men and women often wait until they arrive at post to buy a fur hat, and many women also purchase fur coats and boots locally. Other locally available winter gear may not meet American standards and/or style. Summers are short and often cool. Sweaters and a coat are necessary no matter what time of year you arrive.

The best type of clothing to have in Moscow is washable since clothing soils easily. Sturdy, waterproof clothing and footwear with good treads is essential. Sidewalks can be slick in winter and muddy and wet during the rest of the year. One should consider bringing enough clothing to last until replacements can be ordered through catalogs or while on leave outside of Russia.

Slippers or clogs are useful around the house in winter and spring as mud, ice, salt, and dirt can be tracked in off the streets and playgrounds. Russians usually take off their shoes when entering a home (and children are expected to), so it is appropriate to have a couple of extra pairs of slippers for guests who do not feel comfortable coming into your home with their shoes on. Slippers can be purchased locally.

Sports equipment and sportswear should be brought to Moscow when possible. There are various recreational activities at hand, including swimming, soccer, baseball, volleyball, cycling, rollerblading, etc. AECA Recreation has some life vests, bathing suits, and water wings available for purchase. Traditional Russian wooden children’s sleds are available for purchase in the city, but may be hard to find. Western winter sports equipment can be found around town but the prices tend to be high. Cross‑country skiing, ice‑skating and sledding are all common winter sports. In the past, a grassy area of the upper Embassy compound has been turned into a small ice-skating rink in the winter. The outdoor tennis court at Rosinka is also turned into a skating rink during the winter.

It is helpful to bear in mind that Western brands of clothing and sporting equipment are increasingly available throughout Moscow, but that prices remain higher than will be found in the U.S.

Clothing

Men Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

Both heavy and light topcoats are desirable for spring and fall. Men wear down parkas and heavy topcoats appropriate for evening over their suits in the winter. Lined raincoats are not warm enough in the dead of winter although many people wear them in the spring and fall.

Warm gloves, warm and waterproof boots, and a warm hat are all essential. Building interiors are often too hot by American standards in winter, but in fall and spring, when there is no central heating, indoors can be uncomfortably cool. Light sweaters or vests that can be worn under suit jackets are convenient. Bring appropriate cold-weather clothes for outdoor sports. Lighter wool suits are desirable for summer wear. Dark suits are worn for representational affairs. Full dress (white tie) and morning dress are never worn in Moscow, but some formal occasions (such as the Marine Ball) call for dinner dress (black tie).

Clothing

Women Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

In general, women in Moscow wear the same style clothing as worn in the U.S. Moderately dressy suits with nice blouses and dresses are worn most often for receptions, dinners, and evenings out. Embassy employees often go straight from work to receptions, dinners, or the theater. Cocktail dresses are not necessary, but there is the opportunity to attend one or two formal occasions a year, such as the Marine Corps Ball.

Women need a light coat, raincoat, and heavy coat. These could include anything from a mid‑calf washable down coat with a hood, to fur coats, and/or a raincoat with a zip‑out liner. Warm, waterproof, thick‑soled boots, rainboots, warm gloves or mittens, and thermal or silk long underwear are useful. It is quite common (and completely acceptable by Russian standards) to wear sturdy boots to a dinner or reception, carrying “inside”shoes and changing upon arrival. Sportswear, a bathing suit, and a large supply of stockings, tights, and underwear are important to bring, although they may all be obtained locally at prices higher than in the U.S.

Clothing

Children Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

Children can never have enough hats and scarves, sets of gloves and mittens, rain boots and rain gear, as well as snowsuits, pants and boots. Since they grow out of clothes and shoes quickly, they should have an extra size larger of each item to hold them over until replacements can be ordered and received. Locally purchased clothing may not meet American standards and/or styles and in many cases is more expensive than in the U.S. The Anglo‑American School requires that each child have a pair of ice skates, sweatpants and shirts for gym. These can be brought to post, bought locally, or acquired through a school Parent‑Teacher Organization (PTO) clothing swap.

Babies need warm winter clothing. Scarves, hats, mittens, and wool clothing for infants are available locally, but the prices are much higher than one would pay in the U.S. The CLO can be contacted for more details on needs for babies.

Supplies and Services

Supplies Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

European toiletries, paper goods, household cleaners, film, and basic children's toys and games are available in local shops. Be aware that prices are often much higher than in the U.S. The Anglo-American School provides school supplies only for the lower and middle grades. Upper School children provide their own-brought from the U.S. or purchased locally (European A4 size items). Party supplies, film, stationery items, and other household supplies are available in Moscow, but it's always wise to bring some of these items to post in case nothing but a favorite brand will suffice.

For school-age children, a computer with CD-ROM, modem and printer is a near-necessity. Children are expected to type their major school reports as early as the fifth grade. Encyclopedia and other reference materials on CD would be practical to bring since the school libraries are small. CDs are available for sale in kiosks around town and in music stores. There is even a CD rynok. There are numerous computer stores and a computer rynok in Moscow, but it could be more affordable to buy dual-voltage equipment, computer games and supplies in the U.S. Computer paper, ribbon cartridges and other computer supplies are available at computer stores, kiosks and large bookstores. Be advised that the locally available A4 size paper may not fit all printers.

E-mail and Internet surfing helps keep employees in touch with the U.S. There are several providers from which to choose. Plan to spend about twice as much for an internet connection in Moscow as you might in the U.S.

A multisystem television set and multisystem VCR receiving NTSC, PAL, and SECAM (Russian) signals are useful in Moscow. Cable service is available for a monthly fee to all housing units areas operated by the Embassy, including CNN as well as English-language broadcasts from BBC, EuroNews, EuroSport, MTV, a movie channel, and Cartoon Network. The cable service also includes German, French and Italian channels. Some Embassy housing may also include access to four Armed Forces Network (AFN) channels with broadcasts of sports events and other American television programming.

The AECA video store on the Embassy compound stocks a large number of NTSC (American format) videotapes for rent.

Supplies and Services

Basic Services Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

All American personnel permanently assigned to Moscow are eligible for full membership in AECA. AECA administers the recreation facilities which include dachas (country homes), a swimming pool, gymnasium with a full basketball court, exercise room with free weights and Nautilus equipment, squash court, handball/racquetball court, and men's and women's locker rooms and saunas. It also runs the video store, commissary, Liberty Bar, Hair Salon and dry‑cleaning concession.

The Embassy community has the use of three dachas in two locations. The “Near Dacha”at Serebryanny Bor is a 20-minute drive from the Embassy. The two “Far Dachas”are located at Tarasovka, outside Moscow's city limits and about 45 minutes from the Embassy. These areas provide venues for winter and summer recreation, including tennis, volleyball, and cross‑country skiing. The Near Dacha has three bedrooms, two bathrooms, and a large recreation room with a fireplace, a kitchen, and a dining room. There are barbecue grills and a tennis court on the dacha grounds. The tennis court may be reserved separately by AECA members. The Far Dachas include a large, two-story dacha with spacious, representational‑sized living room with fireplace, dining/party room, two bathrooms, and three bedrooms to accommodate 12. The other dacha at Tarasovka has three bedrooms that sleep six people total, one bathroom, and a small living/dining room with a wood‑burning stove. Each dacha is equipped with a full kitchen, including basic cooking and dining utensils.

The Liberty Bar on the Embassy compound provides a relaxing atmosphere for adults to unwind with a drink and a game of darts. It is open nightly except weekends and holidays unless otherwise noted. Many use the bar as a meeting point before a night on the town at one of Moscow's numerous restaurants or dance clubs.

The Hair Salon is located on the Embassy compound and offers haircuts, permanents, coloring, and styling. Facials, manicures, pedicures and tanning beds are also available. Other hair salons are located throughout the city.

The Embassy cafeteria is operated by AECA. It serves three meals a day, Monday through Friday, including a salad bar, and serves breakfast and lunch on Saturdays and Sundays. It also provides a coffee bar after breakfast and catering service for parties and other events.

Supplies and Services

Domestic Help Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

Embassy families are allowed to employ Russian domestic employees, but Russian domestics may not live with an Embassy family on compound. Russian domestics employed by those living at the NEC are allowed onto the compound only during restricted hours; newcomers will be briefed on the specific policy in effect when they arrive. The average wage is the ruble equivalent of $3‑$5 an hour. Many third‑country nationals are also available for household help (including childcare), with less stringent access restrictions than those that apply to Russian domestics. Cost for third‑country nationals averages $5-$6 an hour.

A small number of Embassy families arrange to bring nannies with them to Moscow. The employer provides room and board and wages averaging $350-$600 a month, depending on the number of children and duties required. Nannies are given an Embassy‑sponsored visa, which is for a single entry/exit good for 3 months and must be registered with the Office of Visas and Registration (UVIR) in order to have the (longer term) registration in their passports. They also need to apply for subsequent exit and re-entry through UVIR. Contact the Russia Desk (EUR/RUS), Room 4227, for more information, if you plan to bring a nanny. Inquire early, as the process of obtaining a nanny visa may take anywhere from 3 weeks to 3 months. Anyone planning to bring a nanny who is not from the U.S. should contact the Embassy Personnel Office directly.

Religious Activities Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

Most major religions are now represented in Moscow although services in English are not always available. The Embassy CLO office can supply you with a current listing of places of worship.

Education

Dependent Education Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

The Anglo‑American School (AAS) is supported by the U.S., British and Canadian embassies. The school accepts children from pre‑kindergarten through 12th grade. It is located at the Pokrovsky Hills (Hines) complex; children living in Pokrovsky Hills can walk to school. Since AAS follows only the international baccalaureate program in grades 11 and 12 with very limited flexibility, an away- from-post education allowance is offered for those grades to enable students to receive a more traditional American curriculum. The school usually opens during the third or fourth week in August. It is accredited by the New England Association of Schools and Colleges.

For families with school‑age children, registration forms for the Anglo‑American school (AAS) will be provided in the pre-arrival orientation materials sent by the CLO office. Sponsoring Embassy family members are given priority for available space in the school, but may not be guaranteed a space until all admissions paperwork is completed and submitted. The application fee is waived for dependents of U.S. direct‑hire Embassy employees.

Embassy employees have also successfully placed their children in local Russian, German, and French schools. The CLO office can provide more information on local schools other than AAS. Most schools in Moscow are unable to accept children with special needs. If your child has an individual educational program (IEP), or needs assistance outside the classroom, please discuss these requirements with school officials as far in advance as possible.

Preschool and Child Care. The American Embassy Childcare and Preschool (AECP) is a sub‑unit of AECA and is located on the NEC compound. The AECP also offers a summer camp for younger children. Pokrovsky Hills also has a small day care facility that always has a long waiting list.

Some families choose to hire a nanny to care for children in the home. Frequently, departing families will advertise and recommend their nannies. Contact the CLO for more information.

Education

Higher Education Opportunities Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

Piano rentals, music lessons, horseback riding, fencing, gymnastics, ballet classes, and private tutors for Russian and other languages are reasonably priced. The International Women's Club and American Women's Club both offer a variety of activities, such as yoga, aerobics, and Russian conversation groups, depending upon interest and availability of instruction.

Recreation and Social Life

Sports Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

Spectator sports include hockey, football (soccer), and basketball. A large number of international tournaments and championships are held, with increased participation by U.S. teams. Some Embassy employees have participated in such diverse outdoor sports as skydiving, whitewater rafting, and wild game hunting. Your marksmanship can be tested at Moscow's shooting club; firearms, ammunition, and lessons are available at the site. There is a country club in Moscow that has a golf course. Unfortunately, this sport here is extremely expensive and the golf course is a long drive from town. There is a spring softball and baseball league for children.

Recreation and Social Life

Touring and Outdoor Activities Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

Moscow contains a broad spectrum of museums, from pre‑Revolutionary art treasures to science and history. Tours to the seat of the Russian Government, the Kremlin, Lenin's Tomb, and the picturesque, colorful GUM Department store on Red Square, and the homes of such revered Russians as Tolstoy, Gorky, and Chekhov may all be arranged with the assistance of local travel bureaus or the CLO office. Walking tours to the many architectural landmarks in Moscow are a good way to get a feel for the city. Moscow's underground metro system is justly famous. Many stations are elaborately decorated. Izmailovsky Park has become the main attraction for souvenir shopping in a frenzied bazaar atmosphere. Every weekend, local artists and craftsmen gather there to sell their wares to throngs of visitors.

In and around Moscow, sightseers will find historic palaces and museums, surrounded by gardens and parks. You can reach St. Petersburg, Tallinn, Riga, Vilnius, Kiev, and many other interesting cities by overnight sleeper train. Other cities such as Sochi, Tbilisi, and Tashkent are only a few hours away by air.

The Embassy's Visitors' Unit will assist you in obtaining travel notes. All diplomatic and official passport holders must submit advance notice to the Russian Government to travel to cities more than 40 kilometers from the center of Moscow (measuring from the Kremlin). All Embassy personnel and families travel freely to Moscow county towns. The Ambassador and officers with the rank of counselor and above and their families enjoy note‑free travel to all areas of Russia.

Recreation and Social Life

Entertainment Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

The principal hotels and restaurants offer American, European, Russian, and ethnic cuisine from the Commonwealth of Independent States. The quality of food and service is generally acceptable, and new restaurants seem to be opening daily. English/Russian menus are available at many. On the whole, dining out in Moscow is more expensive than in equivalent restaurants in the U.S. Western chains such as McDonald’s, TGI Fridays, Sbarro’s, KFC, and Pizza Hut continue to grow. There are several English-language publications for the foreign community that regularly print restaurant reviews and reliable guides to the better restaurants.

Embassy personnel and business representatives and correspondents entertain each other informally at dinner, cocktail receptions, dacha picnics, or for a meal and a movie out in town.

For the theatergoer, Moscow offers a wide range of entertainment at prices lower than in the U.S. The Bolshoi Theater offers world‑famous ballet and opera programs during all but the summer months. For Russian speakers, the city also has several extraordinarily good dramatic theaters. One of the best is the Moscow Art Theater, where plays by classic Russian playwrights such as Chekhov are often performed. The city’s children's and puppet theaters, including the world‑famous Obraztsov Puppet Theater, are prime attractions for families. Both Moscow Circuses are highly recommended for children and adults alike. For classical music lovers, the Moscow Conservatory has a full annual schedule of concerts and recitals featuring Russia's best musical performers. The city also has an active jazz scene. Rock music has gained in popularity in recent years, and concerts are held quite frequently around the city. Tickets to most events are inexpensive and can be bought in advance at the theater or stadium box office, at special kiosks scattered about the city, or obtained by local tour companies that sit in the CLO office area as a service to the community. Several movie theaters show first‑run, Western-made movies in English or dubbed in Russian.

The American Women’s Organization offers children’s holiday parties. The CLO also sponsors seasonal family activities. Past events include a holiday party at Spaso House (the Ambassador’s residence) in December, a Halloween party, and an Easter Egg Roll, among others.

Special Information Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

Post Oreintation Program

Both before and upon arrival, new employees receive a packet of written material from the CLO that contains information on the post and its operations, the commissary, recreation, descriptive material on Moscow and its environs, maps, and various materials dealing with specific local issues. The Personnel, Medical, and General Services Offices conduct an orientation in a practical, half-day program organized by the Administrative Section. The Security Office schedules a separate briefing that is mandatory for all newly arrived personnel.

Consulate General - St. Petersburg

Post City Last Updated: 9/21/2004 2:01 AM

St. Petersburg, with a population of nearly 5 million, is the second largest city in Russia. Peter the Great founded St. Petersburg in 1703 and transferred the capital from Moscow to St. Petersburg in 1712 to provide Russia with a “Window on the West.” The city was renamed Petrograd at the outset of World War I, and in 1918 the capital was moved back to Moscow. On January 26, 1924, 5 days after Lenin’s death, the city's name was changed to Leningrad. During WWII, the city suffered historic tragedy as over one million people perished during a 900-day siege. In 1991, as a result of a citywide referendum, the city resumed its historical name of St. Petersburg.

St. Petersburg is slightly warmer than Moscow, but it is damper since winter winds blow off the Gulf of Finland. Snow may fall as early as October, and sunlight dwindles to only a few hours a day in the months of December, January and February. Streets and sidewalks are icy during these months. June brings the beautiful “White Nights” when the sun barely dips below the horizon. Summer weather can be quite varied, with temperatures fluctuating between the 50s and 80s. August is statistically the rainiest month of the year.

Although the city declined in political importance with the move of the capital back to Moscow in 1918, St. Petersburg retained importance as a military‑industrial complex until the early 1990’s. It remains a cultural center and one of Russia’s major ports. With a highly skilled labor force and a long history of industry and commerce, St. Petersburg is a major producer of electric and electronic equipment, machine tools, nuclear reactor equipment, precision instruments, TV equipment, civilian and military ships, heavy machinery, tractors, chemicals, and other sophisticated products, as well as consumer goods. It has one of the country's largest dry‑cargo ports. It remains a major center for publication, education, and scientific research.

Since August 1991, St. Petersburg has been a reform‑minded city. Its large military-industrial center, however, has been slow to adapt to changing conditions and many factories have closed. U.S. investment in St. Petersburg has increased significantly in recent years with the opening of several major production facilities by Caterpillar, Ford, General Motors and International Paper. The St. Petersburg consular district taken as a whole accounts for approximately 50% of all U.S. investment in Russia. Nevertheless overall U.S. investment in Russia remains quite modest. This is due in part to the lack of transparency, government bureaucracy and uneven enforcement of court decisions which have favored American investors. Street crime remains a problem in St. Petersburg and organized crime effects entrepreneurs of all sizes.

Designed by some of Europe’s most imaginative architects of the 18th and 19th centuries, the city center is one of the world’s architectural masterpieces filled with cathedrals, palaces, parks and canals. Fortunately, a great deal of restoration took place throughout the city in preparation for the city’s 300th Anniversary in 2003. Both local and foreign donations have been focused at preserving and restoring the historical sites in the city and the outlying imperial residences, which were heavily damaged during World War II. However, many parts of St. Petersburg continue to suffer from the lack of investment in its infrastructure.

The Post and Its Administration Last Updated: 9/21/2004 2:05 AM

Like its Russian counterpart in San Francisco, the American Consulate General officially opened in July 1973. The chief U.S. representative in St. Petersburg is the Consul General. Consulate General staff includes the Deputy Principal Officer, a Public Affairs Officer, a Regional Security Officer, an Assistant Regional Security Officer, a Political/Economic officer, an office management specialist, three Consular Officers, one Management Officer, one General Services Officer, one Information Programs Officer, two Information Management Specialists, three Pacific Architects and Engineers (PA&E) contractors, a Fascell Fellow, a six‑person Marine Security Guard detachment, and a number of Eligible Family Member or locally hired American citizen employees. A staff of capable Foreign Service National employees supports American personnel.

The Consulate General building is located on Furshtadtskaya Street near the center of town. The building is U-shaped with a courtyard in the center. The base and one wing contain the Consulate General Office Building and Marine Bar. The other wing contains additional office space, several apartments for TDY personnel and the Marine Detachment, the Medical Office and a small fitness center.

The Consulate General’s Public Affairs Section is located in the Northern Capital House building on the Moika Embankment. A branch Public Affairs Officer leads a nine‑member staff of Foreign Service National employees.

The Consulate General also includes a U.S. Foreign Commercial Service Office. The Commercial Officer leads a 12‑member local national team of industry sector specialists, a Department of Commerce BISNIS representative, and a local national representative of the Foreign Agricultural Service. The St. Petersburg chapter of the American Chamber of Commerce in Russia is co-located with the Foreign Commercial Service Office in the Atrium Building at Nevsky Prospekt 25.

An assignment to St. Petersburg offers a unique set of challenges and rewards. The small size of the Consulate General provides each individual with more responsibility than is typical at larger missions. The absence of a sizable support infrastructure or compound provides employees with opportunities to experience Russian society firsthand. Individuals interested in history and culture find a tour in St. Petersburg a memorable and enjoyable experience.

The Consulate General’s mission is first and foremost to fulfill its role as a consular post; that is to provide protection and welfare work for American citizens, to do notarials and to issue non-immigrant visas. Second, the Consulate’s Public Diplomacy office runs outreach programs throughout Northwest Russia. Third, it supports American business interests and promotes the sale of U.S. goods and services in Russia. In addition, the Consulate reports on political and economic events in the region and supports numerous VIP visits to St. Petersburg. Opportunities to meet with leading political and cultural figures from both Russian and the United States are commonplace. The Consulate's General small size offers all staff members the opportunity to participate in many of the above activities.

At the same time, service in St. Petersburg can be challenging. Although many improvements have taken place in the quantity and quality of goods and services available in the past several years, some consumer conveniences to which Americans are accustomed are lacking. Thus, while the rewards can be significant, the work regimen is not typical. Amenities such as a commissary, snack bar, or government provided athletic facilities do not exist in St. Petersburg. Energetic, self-starters should approach this assignment as an opportunity to experience Russia at its best and to live in one of the great cities of the world.

Housing

Temporary Quarters Last Updated: 9/21/2004 6:22 AM

Post has two TDY apartments on compound. The major western-level hotels in St. Petersburg are the Nevskij Palace, Grand Hotel Europe, SAS Radisson, the Angleterre, the Astoria and the Marriott Renaissance Hotel. These hotels offer rooms at the U.S. government per diem rate.

Transients and persons on temporary duty should be aware that the Consulate General does not have a commissary, cafeteria, or snack bar.

Every effort is made to move employees and their families directly into their permanent quarters. Occasionally, this is not possible in which case suitable temporary quarters will be made available. Permanent personnel should check with their sponsors before they arrive. Sponsors will provide guidance about the post and housing. Please discuss any special needs or concerns with your sponsor to help them prepare for your arrival.

Housing

Permanent Housing Last Updated: 9/21/2004 6:23 AM

All residential properties are owned or leased and furnished by the U.S. Government. Living space is ample, although storage space for supplies and consumables may be limited.

The Consul General’s home is a large semi-detached house built in 1898. The last owner before the revolution was Grand Duke Konstantin Romanov, an uncle of Tsar Nicholas II. In 1971‑72, the building’s interior was restored. The first floor has large salons suitable for a wide range of representational entertaining, a large, formal dining room, library, and guest suite. Spacious, private quarters for the Consul General and family and additional guest rooms are on the second floor. A few steps below entry level is a theater that comfortably seats 80. It has been used for lectures, movies, Anglo‑American School events, and American Chamber of Commerce events. The Consul General's home also has a guesthouse (domik) and a small garden. Located at the end of a cul‑de‑sac, the residence is a 10‑minute walk from the office.

The U.S. Government leases several additional apartments: eight units in three buildings on Furshtadtskaya Ulitsa, just down the street as the Consulate General, and four units on 7 Sovietskaya Ulitsa, a 20 minute walk from the Consulate General. The U.S. Government also owns 4 apartments on Kovensky Pereulok near the center of the city, a 20 minute walk from the Consulate.

The post Inter‑Agency Housing Board makes housing assignments after considering available space, family size, rank of employee, and time of arrival. Although all housing units are apartments, most are quite spacious. A majority of the apartments have two or three bedrooms, with a few larger apartment having four bedrooms. Most apartments have high ceilings and large windows, creating a feeling of spaciousness. Some have small pantries. Most apartments have at least two bathrooms; larger apartments may have two and a half or three baths.

The General Services Office (GSO) has a full maintenance staff, including janitors, an electrician, carpenters, a plumber, and a handy man. This staff is a mix of FSN employees and PA&E contractors. Although the Consulate General has improved maintenance services and expanded the GSO staff, employees must sometimes cope with delayed repairs and equipment shortages. See post's Housing Manual for specifics.

Housing

Furnishings Last Updated: 9/21/2004 6:23 AM

Apartment furnishings are from the Eighteenth Century Queen Anne collection. Furnishings include sofa, love seat, occasional chairs, coffee table, end tables, several lamps, dining room suite with table, chairs, china cabinet and buffet, and bedroom sets with bed, side tables and dressers. Beds have box springs and mattresses on steel frames with a wooden headboard. Queen-sized (60" x 80") and twin-sized (39" x 75") beds are used.

Area rugs are provided for some rooms. Bring an ample supply of bed linens, blankets, and towels. Post furnishes draperies and shades. Bring additional household furnishings, such as doormats, pictures, reading lamps, bookcases, or an easy chair, depending on personal tastes, but be advised that storage space is limited. Post does not have the space to store government furniture replaced by personal furniture.

Welcome Kits of linens, dishes, glasses, pots and pans, and silverware are available for use until arrival of household effects and after pack‑outs. Children’s furniture and supplies may be brought to post or purchased locally, often at a higher cost than in the States. IKEA opened a store just outside St. Petersburg in December 2003; it is a great place to purchase quality, reasonably priced items for your home.

Housing

Utilities and Equipment Last Updated: 9/21/2004 6:24 AM

Hot water and heating comes directly from central heating plants located throughout the city. The Consulate General office building, all apartments, and the Consul General's home are supplied in this manner. In summer, the city's hot water supply to these facilities is shut down for periods of up to six weeks for maintenance. All apartments are equipped with water heaters so that hot water continues to be available during these shut-downs. Bathrooms are comparable to those in American apartments, and some offer amenities such as heated floors and jetted tubs.

All interior areas are heated by exposed cast iron or fabricated sheet metal radiators. During early cold snaps, the central system may not be sufficient. The post provides materials for sealing windows and doors against the cold and electric space heaters for some bedrooms (particularly children's rooms). Electrical power limitations and fire safety considerations restrict extensive use of electric heaters.

Gas or electric ranges, Western-made refrigerators with freezing compartments, and automatic washers and dryers are provided. Most apartments have dishwashers and microwave ovens. Some apartments also have humidifiers and stand‑alone freezers.

All apartments have dial or touch‑tone telephones. Direct‑dial, long‑distance calls are possible, and there is a local AT&T access number to place phone card calls. Internet service is widely available at varying prices. One of the leased apartment buildings includes a DSL connection in each unit. Other employees have obtained low-cost Internet access through various local service providers.

Electrical service in St. Petersburg (including off‑compound apartments) is 220v, 50 Hz. Most electrical sockets are standard European sized with two round prongs. The on-compound TDY apartments are equipped with both 220v and 110v outlets. The Kovensky apartments (owned by the Consulate) are equipped with British style 3‑pronged outlets. Socket adapters and at least two transformers will be provided in each apartment for using personally owned appliances. Small, appliances, such as mixers, blenders and hair dryers, will operate satisfactorily with the appropriate transformer. High‑wattage appliances, such as toasters and irons, are more convenient and safer to operate if designed for the available voltage. An initial supply of incandescent light bulbs is provided for each new resident. Replacements bulbs are available locally. Do not bring American‑made fluorescent lamps.

AFN satellite TV is available in all apartments. Local Russian television is also available. Some apartments also get BBC World through their local television connection.

Post makes every effort to inform incoming employees of their housing assignment well in advance of their arrival. However, this is not always possible. Please be in touch with the CLO or your sponsor if you have questions about your housing assignment.

Food Last Updated: 8/2/2005 2:18 AM

The quality and selection of food available in St. Petersburg has improved significantly in recent years. Employees are able to find a variety of foodstuffs including seasonal fresh fruits and vegetables, meats, fish, dairy and grains at reasonable prices at a variety of stores and markets. Many employees shop at the farmers’ markets (known as rynoks in Russian) or at small Russian grocery shops in their neighborhood that offer basic food products, like milk, cheese, cereal and breads. The farmers’ markets often offer a wonderful variety of seasonal produce and fresh meats at reasonable prices. A few “Western-style” grocery stores are now open throughout the city. These stores are often more expensive than the markets, but offer the American style shopping experience, and tend to be more manageable for those with a limited grasp of the language. They also offer some specialty items, not available at the smaller shops. The selection of meats available locally is somewhat more limited than in the U.S. The cuts of pork and beef tend to differ from those in the U.S.

Effective October 2005, staff in St. Petersburg will no longer be eligible for Consumables shipments. Such shipments are no longer necessary given the quality of products now available on the local market and the availability of specialty items on the internet.

American personnel expecting a new baby can request a layette shipment prior to the baby’s due date. Baby food, diapers, clothing and other children’s products are available in the local market, although some Western brand products are more expensive than in the States.

Clothing Last Updated: 9/21/2004 2:08 AM

Winter temperatures in St. Petersburg can fall to -40°F. The climate is damp and the winter season is quite long. All employees should pack appropriate clothing. Warm parkas, long underwear, warm socks, hats, gloves, etc., are invaluable during the winter months. Streets and sidewalks are often icy. Good boots are essential. Be sure to include plenty of warm clothing, including a snowsuit or snow pants for your children.

Rain, melting snow, and dirty streets combine to make walking in St. Petersburg messy during fall and spring. Sturdy footwear is a must. Dark-colored clothes (especially slacks and jeans) are more practical than white or light‑colored clothes. Winter-wear and rainwear of all sizes are available in St. Petersburg, but prices are high.

The summer season is short. Days can be warm in summer, and there is an air conditioner provided in one bedroom in every apartment. By August, nights are cool. Throughout the summer months, you may find many opportunities to wear a sweater or light jacket. Summer is the time of mosquitoes. Insect repellent and effective plug-in devices are available locally.

Supplies and Services

Supplies Last Updated: 9/21/2004 6:26 AM

Most everyday household personal care items can be found in St. Petersburg, although prices on certain items tend to be higher than in the U.S. Feminine hygiene products, Western name brand kitchen and cleaning supplies, cosmetics, and name brand drugs are generally more expensive. Instructions on cleaning products, kitchen and automobile supplies are often written in languages other than Russian or English, causing difficulty for first-time users. You might wish to stock up on health and beauty care items you use regularly prior to arriving at post.

It is recommended that you bring a basic set of hand tools to make small repairs or hang pictures in your apartment. Employees are expected to hang their own pictures and other items in their apartments. Most walls are solid and require special nails. A few large, modern hardware stores have opened, but some supplies are still difficult to find.

Supplies and Services

Basic Services Last Updated: 9/21/2004 6:26 AM

Local dry cleaning facilities are improving, but service is not always consistent. Detergents and fabric softener are available locally but you may wish to bring spot remover with you. Clothing that can be machine-washed is most practical. You may wish to limit clothing that needs frequent professional cleaning. Russian beauty salons and barbershops are satisfactory, and prices are reasonable. Several salons are located near the Consulate. Appointments are recommended.

Supplies and Services

Domestic Help Last Updated: 9/21/2004 6:27 AM

Domestic help is readily available at affordable rates. You may hire Russian citizens as housekeepers or nannies for your children, since permanent day care is not always available. The CLO maintains a list of recommended nannies and housekeepers. Before hiring domestic help, consult with the regional security officer for a background check.

Religious Activities Last Updated: 4/30/2001 6:00 PM

Within or near St. Petersburg are many active Russian Orthodox churches, several Roman Catholic, Lutheran, and Baptist churches, a Jewish synagogue, several branches of the Mormon church, and various other religious organizations. There are also missionaries from many religious denominations.

Most religious services take place in Russian. Strictly foreign congregations hold services in